Diabetic ketoacidosis in a young adult

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Educational simulation. Not for real patient care and not a substitute for supervised training. Always follow local protocols.

What you will practise

Recognise diabetic ketoacidosis from the history, deep breathing and bedside glucose and ketone results.
Prioritise intravenous fluids, then a fixed-rate insulin infusion, with potassium checked before insulin.
Explain why total body potassium is depleted even when the initial serum level is normal or high.
Monitor glucose, ketones, venous gas and potassium regularly and add dextrose when needed per local protocol.
Search for and treat the precipitating cause, such as infection or missed insulin.
Plan the transition to subcutaneous insulin and safe discharge with education.

Which of the following organs is secondarily retroperitoneal?
The portal vein is formed behind the neck of the pancreas by the union of which two veins?
Arterial blood gas of a patient: pH 7.22, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 12 mEq/L (normal values: pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L). What is the best interpretation?
In chronic metabolic acidosis, which renal adaptation contributes most to increasing net acid excretion?
A patient has pH 7.10, PaCO2 40 mmHg and HCO3- 12 mEq/L. Winter's formula for the expected PaCO2 in metabolic acidosis is 1.5 x HCO3- + 8, plus or minus 2 mmHg. What is the best interpretation?